The official journal of the Anuradhapura Clinical Society. Full text articles available. Anuradhapura Medical Journal is a member of COPE. Cover © image by Geetha Rathnayake Water buffalos (Bubalus bubalis; Linnaeus, 1758) are widely used in farming activities in Anuradhapura. In 2011, Maha season (synonymous with North-East monsoon season between September and March) there was massive flooding in Anuradhapura district with a deadly leptospirosis outbreak. Many died due to complications such as renal and liver failure. According to a study done by Agampodi and others (DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0002626). Most were farmers, and Leptospira kirschneri was confirmed through molecular methods as the causative agent. Buffalo and cattle are the possible hosts.